pre vertex transfer buffer

shaders/shader.vert

@@ -1,20 +1,11 @@
 #version 450
 
-vec2 positions[3] = vec2[](
+layout(location = 0) in vec2 inPosition;
-    vec2(0.0, -0.5),
+layout(location = 1) in vec3 inColor;
-    vec2(0.5, 0.5),
-    vec2(-0.5, 0.5)
-);
-
-vec3 colors[3] = vec3[](
-    vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
-    vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
-    vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
-);
 
 layout(location = 0) out vec3 fragColor;
 
 void main() {
-    gl_Position = vec4(positions[gl_VertexIndex], 0.0, 1.0);
+    gl_Position = vec4(inPosition, 0.0, 1.0);
-    fragColor = colors[gl_VertexIndex];
+    fragColor = inColor;
 }

src/app_data.rs

@@ -27,4 +27,7 @@ pub struct AppData {
 
     pub in_flight_fences: Vec<vk::Fence>,
     pub images_in_flight: Vec<vk::Fence>,
+
+    pub vertex_buffer: vk::Buffer,
+    pub vertex_buffer_memory: vk::DeviceMemory,
 }

src/main.rs

@@ -27,10 +27,16 @@ use vulkanalia::vk::ExtDebugUtilsExtension;
 use vulkanalia::vk::KhrSurfaceExtension;
 use vulkanalia::vk::KhrSwapchainExtension;
 
+use cgmath::{vec2, vec3};
+use std::mem::size_of;
+
+use std::ptr::copy_nonoverlapping as memcpy;
+
 pub mod app_data;
 pub mod errors;
 pub mod swapchain;
 pub mod queue_family_indices;
+pub mod vertex;
 
 const PORTABILITY_MACOS_VERSION: Version = Version::new(1, 3, 216);
 const VALIDATION_ENABLED: bool =
@@ -42,6 +48,12 @@ const DEVICE_EXTENSIONS: &[vk::ExtensionName] = &[vk::KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION.na
 
 const MAX_FRAMES_IN_FLIGHT: usize = 2;
 
+static VERTICES: [vertex::Vertex; 3] = [
+    vertex::Vertex::new(vec2(0.0, -0.5), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0)),
+    vertex::Vertex::new(vec2(0.5, 0.5), vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0)),
+    vertex::Vertex::new(vec2(-0.5, 0.5), vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)),
+];
+
 fn main() -> Result<()> {
     pretty_env_logger::init();
 
@@ -117,6 +129,8 @@ impl App {
         create_framebuffers(&device, &mut data)?;
 
         create_command_pool(&instance, &device, &mut data)?;
+        
+        create_vertex_buffer(&instance, &device, &mut data)?;
 
         create_command_buffers(&device, &mut data)?;
 
@@ -191,6 +205,9 @@ impl App {
     unsafe fn destroy(&mut self) {
         self.destroy_swapchain();
 
+        self.device.destroy_buffer(self.data.vertex_buffer, None);
+        self.device.free_memory(self.data.vertex_buffer_memory, None);
+
         self.data.in_flight_fences
             .iter()
             .for_each(|f| self.device.destroy_fence(*f, None));
@@ -477,7 +494,11 @@ unsafe fn create_pipeline(device: &Device, data: &mut app_data::AppData) -> Resu
         .module(frag_shader_module)
         .name(b"main\0");
 
-    let vertex_input_state = vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo::builder();
+    let binding_descriptions = &[vertex::Vertex::binding_description()];
+    let attribute_descriptions = vertex::Vertex::attribute_descriptions();
+    let vertex_input_state = vk::PipelineVertexInputStateCreateInfo::builder()
+        .vertex_binding_descriptions(binding_descriptions)
+        .vertex_attribute_descriptions(&attribute_descriptions);
 
     let input_assembly_state = vk::PipelineInputAssemblyStateCreateInfo::builder()
         .topology(vk::PrimitiveTopology::TRIANGLE_LIST)
@@ -690,7 +711,8 @@ unsafe fn create_command_buffers(device: &Device, data: &mut app_data::AppData)
         device.cmd_bind_pipeline(
             *command_buffer, vk::PipelineBindPoint::GRAPHICS, data.pipeline);
         
-        device.cmd_draw(*command_buffer, 3, 1, 0, 0);
+        device.cmd_bind_vertex_buffers(*command_buffer, 0, &[data.vertex_buffer], &[0]);
+        device.cmd_draw(*command_buffer, VERTICES.len() as u32, 1, 0, 0);
 
         device.cmd_end_render_pass(*command_buffer);
 
@@ -720,4 +742,87 @@ unsafe fn create_sync_objects(device: &Device, data: &mut app_data::AppData) ->
         .collect();
 
     Ok(())
+}
+
+unsafe fn create_buffer(
+    instance: &Instance,
+    device: &Device,
+    data: &app_data::AppData,
+    size: vk::DeviceSize,
+    usage: vk::BufferUsageFlags,
+    properties: vk::MemoryPropertyFlags,
+) -> Result<(vk::Buffer, vk::DeviceMemory)> {
+    let buffer_info = vk::BufferCreateInfo::builder()
+        .size(size)
+        .usage(usage)
+        .sharing_mode(vk::SharingMode::EXCLUSIVE);
+
+    let buffer = device.create_buffer(&buffer_info, None)?;
+
+    let requirements = device.get_buffer_memory_requirements(buffer);
+
+    let memory_info = vk::MemoryAllocateInfo::builder()
+        .allocation_size(requirements.size)
+        .memory_type_index(get_memory_type_index(
+            instance,
+            data,
+            properties,
+            requirements,
+        )?);
+
+    let buffer_memory = device.allocate_memory(&memory_info, None)?;
+
+    device.bind_buffer_memory(buffer, buffer_memory, 0)?;
+
+    Ok((buffer, buffer_memory))
+}
+
+unsafe fn create_vertex_buffer(
+    instance: &Instance,
+    device: &Device,
+    data: &mut app_data::AppData,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let size = (size_of::<vertex::Vertex>() * VERTICES.len()) as u64;
+
+    let (vertex_buffer, vertex_buffer_memory) = create_buffer(
+        instance,
+        device,
+        data,
+        size,
+        vk::BufferUsageFlags::VERTEX_BUFFER,
+        vk::MemoryPropertyFlags::HOST_COHERENT | vk::MemoryPropertyFlags::HOST_VISIBLE,
+    )?;
+
+    data.vertex_buffer = vertex_buffer;
+    data.vertex_buffer_memory = vertex_buffer_memory;
+
+    let memory = device.map_memory(
+        vertex_buffer_memory,
+        0,
+        size,
+        vk::MemoryMapFlags::empty(),
+    )?;
+
+    memcpy(VERTICES.as_ptr(), memory.cast(), VERTICES.len());
+
+    device.unmap_memory(vertex_buffer_memory);
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+unsafe fn get_memory_type_index(
+    instance: &Instance,
+    data: &app_data::AppData,
+    properties: vk::MemoryPropertyFlags,
+    requirements: vk::MemoryRequirements,
+) -> Result<u32> {
+    let memory = instance.get_physical_device_memory_properties(data.physical_device);
+
+    (0..memory.memory_type_count)
+        .find(|i| {
+            let suitable = (requirements.memory_type_bits & (1 << i)) != 0;
+            let memory_type = memory.memory_types[*i as usize];
+            suitable && memory_type.property_flags.contains(properties)
+        })
+        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow!("Failed to find suitable memory type."))
 }

src/vertex.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+use vulkanalia::prelude::v1_0::*;
+
+use std::mem::size_of;
+
+use cgmath;
+
+type Vec2 = cgmath::Vector2<f32>;
+type Vec3 = cgmath::Vector3<f32>;
+
+#[repr(C)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Vertex {
+    pub pos: Vec2,
+    pub color: Vec3,
+}
+
+impl Vertex {
+    pub const fn new(pos: Vec2, color: Vec3) -> Self {
+        Self { pos, color }
+    }
+
+    pub fn binding_description() -> vk::VertexInputBindingDescription {
+        vk::VertexInputBindingDescription::builder()
+            .binding(0)
+            .stride(size_of::<Vertex>() as u32)
+            .input_rate(vk::VertexInputRate::VERTEX)
+            .build()
+    }
+
+    pub fn attribute_descriptions() -> [vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription; 2] {
+        let pos = vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription::builder()
+            .binding(0)
+            .location(0)
+            .format(vk::Format::R32G32_SFLOAT)
+            .offset(0)
+            .build();
+
+        let color = vk::VertexInputAttributeDescription::builder()
+            .binding(0)
+            .location(1)
+            .format(vk::Format::R32G32B32_SFLOAT)
+            .offset(size_of::<Vec2>() as u32)
+            .build();
+        [pos, color]
+    }
+}